We're thrilled to introduce our fixed-income pricing and valuation project, the "Valuation Report of US Treasury Securities And MTM" – A unique opportunity for participants to deepen their understanding with respect to the pricing and valuation of fixed-income securities, impact of change in market risk factors on portfolio performance, and market commentaries.
our project aims to provide participants with a comprehensive understanding of the pricing and valuation mechanism of fixed-income securities, ranging from treasury bills to inflation-protected securities, and the interest rate curves associated with these securities. It also aims to equip participants with the necessary knowledge and skills to analyze the impact of various risk factors on the pricing and revaluation of fixed-income securities, ultimately influencing portfolio performance.
Prerequisites
participants are expected to have at least a basic understanding of fixed-income securities and should be comfortable working with interest rates, instrument features, and basic calculations.
Module 1: Interest Rates | Monitoring Yield Spreads | Modeling Term-Structure of Interest Rates
Financial Books:
Understanding Treasury Securities – Insights from 1-Month T-Bill to 30-Year T-Bond
Normal, Inverted, and Humped Interest Rate
Lectures:
Historical Time Series Data And Interest Rate Shocks
US Treasury Rates And Yield Curve
Yield Curve Construction – Interpolation Methods
Module 2: Pricing And Valuation of Fixed-Income Securities
Financial Books: Understanding Fixed-Income Treasury Securities
Lectures:
Full Valuation DCF Model – US Treasury Bills
Interest Rate Movement And Mark-to-Market PnL
Full Valuation DCF Model – US Treasury Notes/Bonds
Full Valuation DCF Model – US Treasury Notes/Bonds – Mark-to-Market
Fixed-Income Portfolio
participants are expected to conduct pricing and revaluation of fixed-income securities, employing a comprehensive analysis.
these securities fall under the asset class of fixed income, with interest rates being the primary risk factor(s). these securities are issued by the US Government through the US Treasury, each security is denominated in USD with a face value of $100.00.
Financial Instruments (Products): Treasury Bills, Notes, Bonds, and Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities
Instruments' Type: Zero-Coupon, Coupon-Bearing
Instruments' Asset Class: Fixed Income
Risk Asset Class: Interest Rates
Issuer Entity: US Government
Issuer Authority: US Treasury
Denominated: USD
Face Value: $100.00
Valuation Date: 28th March 2024 (end of quarter 1, 2024)
Coupon Frequency: Semi-Annual (if applicable)
Pricing/Valuation Model: Discounting Cash Flow (DCF)
Yield Curve Construction Model: Linear Interpolation
Day-Count Convention: Actual/360 for T-Bills, 30/360 for T-Notes/Bonds/TIPS
Portfolio of Fixed-Income Securities
Total Securities: 6, Notional Amount Invested: +$30.0mn
UST3M CUSIP: 912796Y45, Notional: +$1.2mn | UST26W CUSIP: 912797KK2, Notional: +$2.8mn | UST2Y CUSIP: 91282CKB6, Notional: +$1.0mn | UST5Y CUSIP: 91282CKD2, Notional: +$4.2mn | UST10Y CUSIP: 91282CJZ5, Notional: +$8.0mn | UST30Y CUSIP: 912810TX6, Notional: +$12.8mn
(please note, if the bond has a face value of $100 and the notional amount is $1.0 million, then the total number of bonds issued would be $1,000,000 / $100 = 10,000 bonds)
Market Data Source for Fixed-Income Securities
Daily Treasury Bill Rates: https://home.treasury.gov/resource-center/data-chart-center/interest-rates/TextView?type=daily_treasury_bill_rates&field_tdr_date_value=2024
Daily Treasury Par Yield Curve Rates: https://home.treasury.gov/resource-center/data-chart-center/interest-rates/TextView?type=daily_treasury_yield_curve&field_tdr_date_value=2024
Project Requirements
participants are to use the discounting cash flow (DCF) model for accurate pricing and revaluation of US T-Bills, T-Notes, T-Bonds, and TIPS.
Source market data, foundational step in pricing or revaluation of any fixed-income security. You have to study the specifics of each of the security and begin sourcing market data and pertaining information. for more information, read here: About Treasury Marketable Securities
Examination of relevant market data, including interest rate curves, trends, and economic indicators, to inform valuation decisions.
Identify the risk factors associated with each security, interest rate fluctuations, and assess their impact on pricing and revaluation.
Construct interest rate curves using the linear interpolation technique to derive missing interest rates for the DCF modeling.
Considering the composition of the fixed-income portfolio, securities ranging from treasury bills to treasury bonds having different features and maturities have been included in the portfolio. Analyze how changes in risk factors affect pricing and revaluation, thereby influencing the performance of the portfolio. This involves revaluing each security and aggregating the resulting profit and loss across different maturities, while also considering the notional amount invested in each security.
Use the Discounting Cash Flow (DCF) model to price and revalue each security in the portfolio. ensure to use relevant market data and the interest rate curve construction method specified earlier.
Determine the differences between the revalued price and the purchase price of each security (assuming issue price). this provides the profit or loss for each security which can be summed up to calculate the total profit or loss for the entire portfolio.
Aggregate the profit and loss based on their respective maturities (short-term, medium-term, and long-dated maturities) and analyze the aggregated profit or loss for each maturity bucket. Determine whether the portfolio has experienced profits or losses, and identify any significant trends or patterns across different maturity buckets.
Documenting the findings into a comprehensive valuation report, detailing the steps undertaken, including the financial methodologies applied, the resulting output, and a thorough analysis of their implications on portfolio performance, are critical responsibilities of any valuation analyst.
Each section of the valuation report necessitates thorough research and precise calculations, ensuring that the analysis is based on reliable data and applied financial methodologies.
Live Presentation
Presenting the report to mentors and other participants during the sessions enhances presentation and content delivery abilities, fostering valuable feedback and discussions. this experience can provide a platform to showcase analytical capabilities and practice articulation of complex financial concepts, directly benefiting job interviews and other professional settings.
Hint: Security Selection | Factors Affecting Securities's Price | Yield Curve Construction | Interpolation Methods | Pricing And Revaluation | Market Fluctuations | Profit And Loss Aggregation | Portfolio Performance | Adjustments And Optimization | Factors' Change | Recommendations
Are You Feeling Confident? Were You Able to Complete the Project Successfully? .
Very Confident, JUST RIGHT FOR ME!
Somewhat Confident, NEED PRACTICE!
Not Very Confident, HAVE TO REVISIT LECTURES!
FEAR OF MISSING OUT!
Team Collaboration
participants have the flexibility to choose their mode of operation.
Standalone Mode: If you feel confident and would like to take on the challenge individually, you're welcome to work on the project as a standalone participant. this will allow you to showcase your strengths and decision-making skills.
Team Collaboration: Alternatively, if you believe that collaboration will enhance the quality and depth of your analysis, you are encouraged to form a team. Collaborative efforts often bring diverse perspectives, leading to richer insights and more comprehensive results.
Self-Selection: Candidates are free to select their teammates. If you already have someone in mind, align with them, and inform the project coordinator of your team composition.
Teammates: While there's no strict limit, we recommend teams of 2-3 members for effective collaboration and equitable distribution of work.
Commitment: Ensure that all members of the team are equally committed to the project.
Please note: Whether you choose to work individually or in a team, the assessment criteria will remain consistent. the emphasis will be on the depth of analysis, quality of insights, and presentation of findings.
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